A meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. It develops from the meninges — the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord — and is usually benign and slow-growing. Many patients discover it incidentally on MRI, while others experience symptoms depending on the tumor’s size and location.
Symptoms
- Persistent or progressive headaches
- Weakness or numbness in limbs
- Visual or hearing problems
- Speech or balance difficulties
- Seizures in some cases
The severity of symptoms depends on where the tumor presses on the brain or spinal cord.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis begins with MRI or CT imaging. In some cases, contrast MRI is needed to define the borders of the tumor.
Advanced planning uses neuronavigation and, if necessary, functional MRI to preserve important brain areas during surgery.
Treatment Options
- Observation: Small, slow-growing tumors without symptoms are followed with periodic MRI.
- Microsurgical Removal: The gold standard for symptomatic or enlarging meningiomas. The goal is complete, safe resection while protecting brain and nerve function.
- Radiosurgery (Gamma Knife or CyberKnife): Recommended for residual or recurrent lesions, or for tumors in deep or high-risk locations.
Recovery & Follow-Up
Most patients recover within a few weeks after surgery. Regular MRI scans ensure early detection of recurrence. Rehabilitation may be recommended if there are neurological deficits.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you experience new headaches, vision or speech changes, weakness, or seizures, consult a neurosurgeon. Early evaluation helps prevent permanent damage.