Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a chronic pain disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve — the main sensory nerve of the face. It causes sudden, severe, electric-shock-like facial pain that can be triggered by speaking, chewing, brushing teeth, or even light touch. Attacks are brief but intensely painful, significantly affecting quality of...
Hemifacial Spasm (HFS) is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary, repetitive contractions of the muscles on one side of the face. It occurs when a blood vessel compresses the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) at its origin in the brainstem, causing abnormal electrical signals that trigger muscle twitching. Symptoms typically...
Epilepsy surgery is a highly specialized neurosurgical procedure designed to control or eliminate seizures in patients whose epilepsy does not respond to medication (drug-resistant or refractory epilepsy). When seizures arise from a localized area of the brain that can be safely removed or disconnected, surgery offers a chance for long-term...
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure that uses precisely placed electrodes to deliver controlled electrical impulses to specific brain regions involved in movement control. It is one of the most effective modern treatments for Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, offering significant improvement in tremor, stiffness, slowness, and...
Spasticity is a condition characterized by abnormal muscle stiffness and involuntary contractions due to injury or dysfunction of the brain or spinal cord. It commonly occurs in patients with cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, or stroke. When oral medications and physiotherapy are not sufficient, advanced...
